8 Intelligences: Are You a Jack of All Trades or a Master of One? | Howard Gardner | Big Think
Big Think
9 min, 3 sec
The speaker outlines various types of intelligences beyond the traditional IQ, including the possibility of additional ones.
Summary
- Eight established intelligences are presented with the suggestion of a few more being considered.
- Linguistic and logical-mathematical intelligence are commonly recognized by standardized tests.
- Musical, spatial, bodily kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalist intelligences are detailed.
- Teaching and existential intelligences are newly proposed categories.
- The speaker argues against a single intelligence measure and encourages a balanced or focused approach to intelligence development.
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
The first two intelligences related to language and logical reasoning are explained.
- Linguistic intelligence is the ability to use language effectively, as seen in writers and orators.
- Logical-mathematical intelligence is seen in mathematicians and scientists, enabling them to perform proofs and experiments.
Chapter 3
Musical and spatial intelligences are described, highlighting their cultural significance and practical applications.
- Musical intelligence involves appreciating and producing music, historically significant in certain cultures.
- Spatial intelligence is the ability to navigate space, valuable for chess players, surgeons, and navigators.
Chapter 4
Bodily kinesthetic intelligence encompasses physical problem-solving and craftsmanship.
- This intelligence has two forms: using the whole body or parts of the body for problem-solving or creation.
- Athletes and dancers exemplify whole-body intelligence, while craftspeople exemplify hand or part-body intelligence.
Chapter 5
The intelligences related to understanding others and oneself are detailed.
- Interpersonal intelligence is about understanding and interacting with others, crucial for leadership and cooperation.
- Intrapersonal intelligence is the self-awareness necessary for personal development and career management.
Chapter 6
Naturalist intelligence is defined as the ability to discern differences in the natural world.
- Allows for discriminations in nature, such as identifying different species of plants or animals.
- Originally overlooked, this intelligence is now recognized as important in both nature and commerce.
Chapter 7
Two potential new intelligences, teaching and existential, are proposed.
- Teaching intelligence is the ability to effectively instruct others, observable even in young children.
- Existential intelligence pertains to pondering life's big questions, unique to humans.
Chapter 8
The speaker reflects on the importance of a balanced approach to developing different intelligences.
- Emphasizes that no one intelligence should dominate a person's self-assessment.
- Life's brevity means one must choose between focusing on strengths or working on weaker intelligences.
Chapter 9
The speaker addresses other suggested intelligences and their relation to the established ones.
- Humor intelligence is seen not as a separate intelligence but as an aspect of logical intelligence.
- Cooking, humor, and sexual intelligences are mentioned humorously as not being separate intelligences.
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